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rebuild_db 1.0-rc1

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GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
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iPod shuffle Database Builder
=============================
This release contains multiple versions of the program:
rebuild_db.py - a Python script for almost any platform (RECOMMENDED)
rebuild_db.exe - a standalone Win32 console application (DEPRECATED)
Please use the Python version, because it is the only one that is actively
developed, and it has a lot more features compared to the Win32 version.
To use the Database Builder, copy rebuild_db.py to your iPod's root directory
and start it, e.g. with a double click in Explorer or Finder.
Additionally, this archive contains rebuild_db-win32.src.zip, which is an
archive of the C source code for the Win32 version (compile with lcc-win32).
For any other details regarding the software, please visit the webpage at
http://shuffle-db.sourceforge.net
Have fun with the program (and with your iPod as well),
Martin J. Fiedler <martin.fiedler@gmx.net>

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#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: iso-8859-1
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
__title__="KeyJ's iPod shuffle Database Builder"
__version__="1.0-rc1"
__author__="Martin Fiedler"
__email__="martin.fiedler@gmx.net"
""" VERSION HISTORY
1.0-rc1 (2006-04-26)
* finally(!) added the often-requested auto-rename feature (-r option)
0.7-pre1 (2005-06-09)
* 0.6-final was skipped because of the huge load of new (experimental)
features in this version :)
* rule files allow for nice and flexible fine tuning
* fixed --nochdir and --nosmart bugs
* numerical sorting (i.e. "track2.mp3" < "track10.mp3")
* iTunesSD entries are now copied over from the old file if possible; this
should preserve the keys for .aa files
0.6-pre2 (2005-05-02)
* fixed file type bug (thanks to Nowhereman)
* improved audio book support (thanks to Nowhereman)
* files called $foo.book.$type (like example.book.mp3) are stored as
audio books now
* the subdirectories of /iPod_Control/Music are merged as if they were a
single directory
0.6-pre1 (2005-04-23)
* always starts from the directory of the executable now
* output logging
* generating iTunesPState and iTunesStats so that the iPod won't overwrite
iTunesShuffle anymore
* -> return of smart shuffle ;)
* directory display order is identical to playback ordernow
* command line options and help
* interactive mode, configurable playback volume, directory limitation
0.5 (2005-04-15)
* major code refactoring (thanks to Andre Kloss)
* removed "smart shuffle" again -- the iPod deleted the file anyway :(
* common errors are now reported more concisely
* dot files (e.g. ".hidden_file") are now ignored while browsing the iPod
0.4 (2005-03-20)
* fixed iPod crashes after playing the shuffle playlist to the end
* fixed incorrect databse entries for non-MP3 files
0.3 (2005-03-18)
* Python version now includes a "smart shuffle" feature
0.2 (2005-03-15)
* added Python version
0.1 (2005-03-13)
* initial public release, Win32 only
"""
import sys,os,os.path,array,getopt,random,types,fnmatch,operator,string
KnownProps=('filename','size','ignore','type','shuffle','reuse','bookmark')
Rules=[
([('filename','~','*.mp3')], {'type':1, 'shuffle':1, 'bookmark':0}),
([('filename','~','*.m4?')], {'type':2, 'shuffle':1, 'bookmark':0}),
([('filename','~','*.m4b')], { 'shuffle':0, 'bookmark':1}),
([('filename','~','*.aa')], {'type':1, 'shuffle':0, 'bookmark':1, 'reuse':1}),
([('filename','~','*.wav')], {'type':4, 'shuffle':0, 'bookmark':0}),
([('filename','~','*.book.???')], { 'shuffle':0, 'bookmark':1}),
([('filename','~','*.announce.???')], { 'shuffle':0, 'bookmark':0}),
([('filename','~','/recycled/*')], {'ignore':1}),
]
Options={
"volume":None,
"interactive":False,
"smart":True,
"home":True,
"logging":True,
"reuse":1,
"logfile":"rebuild_db.log.txt",
"rename":False
}
domains=[]
total_count=0
KnownEntries={}
################################################################################
def open_log():
global logfile
if Options['logging']:
try:
logfile=file(Options['logfile'],"w")
except IOError:
logfile=None
else:
logfile=None
def log(line="",newline=True):
global logfile
if newline:
print line
line+="\n"
else:
print line,
line+=" "
if logfile:
try:
logfile.write(line)
except IOError:
pass
def close_log():
global logfile
if logfile:
logfile.close()
def go_home():
if Options['home']:
try:
os.chdir(os.path.split(sys.argv[0])[0])
except OSError:
pass
def filesize(filename):
try:
return os.stat(filename)[6]
except OSError:
return None
################################################################################
def MatchRule(props,rule):
try:
prop,op,ref=props[rule[0]],rule[1],rule[2]
except KeyError:
return False
if rule[1]=='~':
return fnmatch.fnmatchcase(prop.lower(),ref.lower())
elif rule[1]=='=':
return cmp(prop,ref)==0
elif rule[1]=='>':
return cmp(prop,ref)>0
elif rule[1]=='<':
return cmp(prop,ref)<0
else:
return False
def ParseValue(val):
if len(val)>=2 and ((val[0]=="'" and val[-1]=="'") or (val[0]=='"' and val[-1]=='"')):
return val[1:-1]
try:
return int(val)
except ValueError:
return val
def ParseRule(rule):
sep_pos=min([rule.find(sep) for sep in "~=<>" if rule.find(sep)>0])
prop=rule[:sep_pos].strip()
if not prop in KnownProps:
log("WARNING: unknown property `%s'"%prop)
return (prop,rule[sep_pos],ParseValue(rule[sep_pos+1:].strip()))
def ParseAction(action):
prop,value=map(string.strip,action.split('=',1))
if not prop in KnownProps:
log("WARNING: unknown property `%s'"%prop)
return (prop,ParseValue(value))
def ParseRuleLine(line):
line=line.strip()
if not(line) or line[0]=="#":
return None
try:
# split line into "ruleset: action"
tmp=line.split(":")
ruleset=map(string.strip,":".join(tmp[:-1]).split(","))
actions=dict(map(ParseAction,tmp[-1].split(",")))
if len(ruleset)==1 and not(ruleset[0]):
return ([],actions)
else:
return (map(ParseRule,ruleset),actions)
except OSError: #(ValueError,IndexError,KeyError):
log("WARNING: rule `%s' is malformed, ignoring"%line)
return None
return None
################################################################################
def safe_char(c):
if c in "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789-_":
return c
return "_"
def rename_safely(path,name):
base,ext=os.path.splitext(name)
newname=''.join(map(safe_char,base))
if name==newname+ext:
return name
if os.path.exists("%s/%s%s"%(path,newname,ext)):
i=0
while os.path.exists("%s/%s_%d%s"%(path,newname,i,ext)):
i+=1
newname+="_%d"%i
newname+=ext
try:
os.rename("%s/%s"%(path,name),"%s/%s"%(path,newname))
except OSError:
pass # don't fail if the rename didn't work
return newname
def write_to_db(filename):
global iTunesSD,domains,total_count,KnownEntries,Rules
# set default properties
props={
'filename': filename,
'size': filesize(filename[1:]),
'ignore': 0,
'type': 1,
'shuffle': 1,
'reuse': Options['reuse'],
'bookmark': 0
}
# check and apply rules
for ruleset,action in Rules:
if reduce(operator.__and__,[MatchRule(props,rule) for rule in ruleset],True):
props.update(action)
if props['ignore']: return 0
# retrieve entry from known entries or rebuild it
entry=props['reuse'] and (filename in KnownEntries) and KnownEntries[filename]
if not entry:
header[29]=props['type']
entry=header.tostring()+ \
"".join([c+"\0" for c in filename[:261]])+ \
"\0"*(525-2*len(filename))
# write entry, modifying shuffleflag and bookmarkflag at least
iTunesSD.write(entry[:555]+chr(props['shuffle'])+chr(props['bookmark'])+entry[557])
if props['shuffle']: domains[-1].append(total_count)
total_count+=1
return 1
def make_key(s):
if not s: return s
s=s.lower()
for i in xrange(len(s)):
if s[i].isdigit(): break
if not s[i].isdigit(): return s
for j in xrange(i,len(s)):
if not s[j].isdigit(): break
if s[j].isdigit(): j+=1
return (s[:i],int(s[i:j]),make_key(s[j:]))
def key_repr(x):
if type(x)==types.TupleType:
return "%s%d%s"%(x[0],x[1],key_repr(x[2]))
else:
return x
def cmp_key(a,b):
if type(a)==types.TupleType and type(b)==types.TupleType:
return cmp(a[0],b[0]) or cmp(a[1],b[1]) or cmp_key(a[2],b[2])
else:
return cmp(key_repr(a),key_repr(b))
def file_entry(path,name,prefix=""):
if not(name) or name[0]==".": return None
fullname="%s/%s"%(path,name)
may_rename=not(fullname.startswith("./iPod_Control")) and Options['rename']
try:
if os.path.islink(fullname):
return None
if os.path.isdir(fullname):
if may_rename: name=rename_safely(path,name)
return (0,make_key(name),prefix+name)
if os.path.splitext(name)[1].lower() in (".mp3",".m4a",".m4b",".m4p",".aa",".wav"):
if may_rename: name=rename_safely(path,name)
return (1,make_key(name),prefix+name)
except OSError:
pass
return None
def browse(path, interactive):
global domains
if path[-1]=="/": path=path[:-1]
displaypath=path[1:]
if not displaypath: displaypath="/"
if interactive:
while 1:
try:
choice=raw_input("include `%s'? [(Y)es, (N)o, (A)ll] "%displaypath)[:1].lower()
except EOFError:
raise KeyboardInterrupt
if not choice: continue
if choice in "at": # all/alle/tous/<dontknow>
interactive=0
break
if choice in "yjos": # yes/ja/oui/si
break
if choice in "n": # no/nein/non/non?
return 0
try:
files=filter(None,[file_entry(path,name) for name in os.listdir(path)])
except OSError:
return
if path=="./iPod_Control/Music":
subdirs=[x[2] for x in files if not x[0]]
files=filter(lambda x: x[0], files)
for dir in subdirs:
subpath="%s/%s"%(path,dir)
try:
files.extend(filter(lambda x: x and x[0],[file_entry(subpath,name,dir+"/") for name in os.listdir(subpath)]))
except OSError:
pass
files.sort(cmp_key)
count=len([None for x in files if x[0]])
if count: domains.append([])
real_count=0
for item in files:
fullname="%s/%s"%(path,item[2])
if item[0]:
real_count+=write_to_db(fullname[1:])
else:
browse(fullname,interactive)
if real_count==count:
log("%s: %d files"%(displaypath,count))
else:
log("%s: %d files (out of %d)"%(displaypath,real_count,count))
################################################################################
def stringval(i):
if i<0: i+=0x1000000
return "%c%c%c"%(i&0xFF,(i>>8)&0xFF,(i>>16)&0xFF)
def listval(i):
if i<0: i+=0x1000000
return [i&0xFF,(i>>8)&0xFF,(i>>16)&0xFF]
def make_playback_state(volume=None):
# I'm not at all proud of this function. Why can't stupid Python make strings
# mutable?!
log("Setting playback state ...",False)
PState=[]
try:
f=file("iPod_Control/iTunes/iTunesPState","rb")
a=array.array('B')
a.fromstring(f.read())
PState=a.tolist()
f.close()
except IOError,EOFError:
del PState[:]
if len(PState)!=21:
PState=listval(29)+[0]*15+listval(1) # volume 29, FW ver 1.0
PState[3:15]=[0]*6+[1]+[0]*5 # track 0, shuffle mode, start of track
if volume is not None:
PState[:3]=listval(volume)
try:
f=file("iPod_Control/iTunes/iTunesPState","wb")
array.array('B',PState).tofile(f)
f.close()
except IOError:
log("FAILED.")
return 0
log("OK.")
return 1
def make_stats(count):
log("Creating statistics file ...",False)
try:
file("iPod_Control/iTunes/iTunesStats","wb").write(\
stringval(count)+"\0"*3+(stringval(18)+"\xff"*3+"\0"*12)*count)
except IOError:
log("FAILED.")
return 0
log("OK.")
return 1
################################################################################
def smart_shuffle():
try:
slice_count=max(map(len,domains))
except ValueError:
return []
slices=[[] for x in xrange(slice_count)]
slice_fill=[0]*slice_count
for d in xrange(len(domains)):
used=[]
if not domains[d]: continue
for n in domains[d]:
# find slices where the nearest track of the same domain is far away
metric=[min([slice_count]+[min(abs(s-u),abs(s-u+slice_count),abs(s-u-slice_count)) for u in used]) for s in xrange(slice_count)]
thresh=(max(metric)+1)/2
farthest=[s for s in xrange(slice_count) if metric[s]>=thresh]
# find emptiest slices
thresh=(min(slice_fill)+max(slice_fill)+1)/2
emptiest=[s for s in xrange(slice_count) if slice_fill[s]<=thresh if (s in farthest)]
# choose one of the remaining candidates and add the track to the chosen slice
s=random.choice(emptiest or farthest)
slices[s].append((n,d))
slice_fill[s]+=1
used.append(s)
# shuffle slices and avoid adjacent tracks of the same domain at slice boundaries
seq=[]
last_domain=-1
for slice in slices:
random.shuffle(slice)
if len(slice)>2 and slice[0][1]==last_domain:
slice.append(slice.pop(0))
seq+=[x[0] for x in slice]
last_domain=slice[-1][1]
return seq
def make_shuffle(count):
random.seed()
if Options['smart']:
log("Generating smart shuffle sequence ...",False)
seq=smart_shuffle()
else:
log("Generating shuffle sequence ...",False)
seq=range(count)
random.shuffle(seq)
try:
file("iPod_Control/iTunes/iTunesShuffle","wb").write("".join(map(stringval,seq)))
except IOError:
log("FAILED.")
return 0
log("OK.")
return 1
################################################################################
def main(dirs):
global header,iTunesSD,total_count,KnownEntries,Rules
log("Welcome to %s, version %s"%(__title__,__version__))
log()
try:
f=file("rebuild_db.rules","r")
Rules+=filter(None,map(ParseRuleLine,f.read().split("\n")))
f.close()
except IOError:
pass
if not os.path.isdir("iPod_Control/iTunes"):
log("""ERROR: No iPod control directory found!
Please make sure that:
(*) this program's working directory is the iPod's root directory
(*) the iPod was correctly initialized with iTunes""")
sys.exit(1)
header=array.array('B')
iTunesSD=None
try:
iTunesSD=file("iPod_Control/iTunes/iTunesSD","rb")
header.fromfile(iTunesSD,51)
if Options['reuse']:
iTunesSD.seek(18)
entry=iTunesSD.read(558)
while len(entry)==558:
filename=entry[33::2].split("\0",1)[0]
KnownEntries[filename]=entry
entry=iTunesSD.read(558)
except (IOError,EOFError):
pass
if iTunesSD: iTunesSD.close()
if len(header)==51:
log("Using iTunesSD headers from existing database.")
if KnownEntries:
log("Collected %d entries from existing database."%len(KnownEntries))
else:
del header[18:]
if len(header)==18:
log("Using iTunesSD main header from existing database.")
else:
del header[:]
log("Rebuilding iTunesSD main header from scratch.")
header.fromlist([0,0,0,1,6,0,0,0,18]+[0]*9)
log("Rebuilding iTunesSD entry header from scratch.")
header.fromlist([0,2,46,90,165,1]+[0]*20+[100,0,0,1,0,2,0])
log()
try:
iTunesSD=file("iPod_Control/iTunes/iTunesSD","wb")
header[:18].tofile(iTunesSD)
except IOError:
log("""ERROR: Cannot write to the iPod database file (iTunesSD)!
Please make sure that:
(*) you have sufficient permissions to write to the iPod volume
(*) you are actually using an iPod shuffle, and not some other iPod model :)""")
sys.exit(1)
del header[:18]
log("Searching for files on your iPod.")
try:
if dirs:
for dir in dirs:
browse("./"+dir,Options['interactive'])
else:
browse(".",Options['interactive'])
log("%d playable files were found on your iPod."%total_count)
log()
log("Fixing iTunesSD header.")
iTunesSD.seek(0)
iTunesSD.write("\0%c%c"%(total_count>>8,total_count&0xFF))
iTunesSD.close()
except IOError:
log("ERROR: Some strange errors occured while writing iTunesSD.")
log(" You may have to re-initialize the iPod using iTunes.")
sys.exit(1)
if make_playback_state(Options['volume'])* \
make_stats(total_count)* \
make_shuffle(total_count):
log()
log("The iPod shuffle database was rebuilt successfully.")
log("Have fun listening to your music!")
else:
log()
log("WARNING: The main database file was rebuilt successfully, but there were errors")
log(" while resetting the other files. However, playback MAY work correctly.")
################################################################################
def help():
print "Usage: %s [OPTION]... [DIRECTORY]..."%sys.argv[0]
print """Rebuild iPod shuffle database.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-h, --help display this help text
-i, --interactive prompt before browsing each directory
-v, --volume=VOL set playback volume to a value between 0 and 38
-s, --nosmart do not use smart shuffle
-n, --nochdir do not change directory to this scripts directory first
-l, --nolog do not create a log file
-f, --force always rebuild database entries, do not re-use old ones
-L, --logfile set log file name
Must be called from the iPod's root directory. By default, the whole iPod is
searched for playable files, unless at least one DIRECTORY is specified."""
def opterr(msg):
print "parse error:",msg
print "use `%s -h' to get help"%sys.argv[0]
sys.exit(1)
def parse_options():
try:
opts,args=getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:],"hiv:snlfL:r",\
["help","interactive","volume=","nosmart","nochdir","nolog","force","logfile=","rename"])
except getopt.GetoptError, message:
opterr(message)
for opt,arg in opts:
if opt in ("-h","--help"):
help()
sys.exit(0)
elif opt in ("-i","--interactive"):
Options['interactive']=True
elif opt in ("-v","--volume"):
try:
Options['volume']=int(arg)
except ValueError:
opterr("invalid volume")
elif opt in ("-s","--nosmart"):
Options['smart']=False
elif opt in ("-n","--nochdir"):
Options['home']=False
elif opt in ("-l","--nolog"):
Options['logging']=False
elif opt in ("-f","--force"):
Options['reuse']=0
elif opt in ("-L","--logfile"):
Options['logfile']=arg
elif opt in ("-r","--rename"):
Options['rename']=True
return args
################################################################################
if __name__=="__main__":
args=parse_options()
go_home()
open_log()
try:
main(args)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
log()
log("You decided to cancel processing. This is OK, but please note that")
log("the iPod database is now corrupt and the iPod won't play!")
close_log()